JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 55

CFRP

Compression moulding of hinges for
aerospace with recyclable materials
Despite a broaden for carbone fibre reinforced
polymers (CFRP) in aeronautics, numerous
metallic parts are still in use. Besides coefficient
of thermal expansions between materials, this
leads to problems related to galvanic corrosion
for aluminium and for securing titanium supplies. The use of these two metals also implies
a non-negligible cost. In addition to these
constraints, there is the issue of recycling. This
article describes an alternative for overcoming
these issues on hinges for helicopter doors
using a compression-moulded carbon-fibre
reinforced thermoplastic material.

By

M

Nicolas Eguémann (a, b, c), Lian Gigera (c), Frédéric Thiébaud
(b), Clemens Dransfeld (c), Dominique Perreux (d)
(a) Cross Composite AG
(b) Université de Franche Comté,
Institut Femto-ST, Département de Mécanique Appliquée
(c) Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz,
Institut für Kunststofftechnik
(d) Mahytec Sarl

ajor structures of modern aircrafts such as the
Boeing 787[1] and the Airbus A350XWB[2] are
mostly manufactured from carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers (CFRP). In these CFRP primary structures,
constituted of skins and reinforcing profiles, hundreds of
complex metallic load introduction elements such as brac-

kets, hinges or fittings are attached. Complex metallic load
introduction elements have several drawbacks in aerospace
applications. Aluminium parts integrated within aircraft or
rotorcraft CFRP airframes have to be mounted with several
cost-intensive protections against galvanic corrosion, as
shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 1: EASA recommended protection against galvanic corrosion

The use of steel for this kind of application adds an increasing weight penalty, while the use of titanium results in
high production costs[3] and the need for a secured supply
chain[4].
To best comply with the latest EU regulations, such as the
Waste Framework Directive[5] and the Directive on End Of
Life Vehicles[6], thermoplastic CFRP (TP-CFRP) will be
preferred to thermosets CFRP (TS-CFRP). TS-CFRP, due
to their cross-linked matrix, cannot be moulded again in
comparison to TP-CFRP that can be easily remelted[7]. A
full life cycle assessment performed on a complete helicopter door also showed the global superiority of TP-CFRP
over TS-CFRP[8].
In order to use TP-CFRP for this specific type of complex
application, Toray Industries, Inc. conducted early research
that, in 1990, led to a patent[9] clearly describing how strip
pieces (chips) made of chopped thermoplastic pre-impregnated unidirectional fibres (UD tapes) are distributed in
a plane parallel to the surface cavity of a tool, heated and
consolidated under pressure. The length of the chips is
defined to be long enough to obtain mechanical properties
similar to those of a quasi-isotropic laminate while being
short enough to maintain the advantage of fitting well.
Meanwhile, very few studies have been published reporting
the mechanical properties of this specific kind of material,
which is the goal of the present work.
No80 April 2013 /

jec composites magazine 55



JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013

Cover
Edito
Point of view: hig-end solutuions
Contents
Agenda of Events
COMPANY & BUSINESS In Brief
APPLICATIONS
- Sports & leisure
- Renovation
MARKET
- Singapore
- Education
- Natural fibres
- Biocomposites
FEATURE AERONAUTICS
- Carbon
- Process
- Reinforcement
- Structure
- Bi-angle NCF
- RTM
- Sandwich
- Energy
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
- CAE tools
- CFRP
TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATIONS
- Prepreg
- Material
Index
In the world
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - Cover
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 2
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - Edito
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - Point of view: hig-end solutuions
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 5
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - Contents
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 7
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - Agenda of Events
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 9
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - COMPANY & BUSINESS In Brief
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Sports & leisure
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 12
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 13
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Renovation
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Singapore
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 16
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 17
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 18
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Education
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 20
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 21
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 22
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 23
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 24
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 25
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Natural fibres
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 27
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Biocomposites
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 29
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 30
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 31
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 32
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Carbon
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 34
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Process
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 36
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 37
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Reinforcement
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 39
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 40
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Structure
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 42
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Bi-angle NCF
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 44
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - RTM
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 46
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Sandwich
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 48
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 49
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Energy
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 51
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - CAE tools
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 53
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 54
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - CFRP
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 56
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 57
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 58
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Prepreg
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 60
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 61
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - - Material
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 63
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 64
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - Index
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - In the world
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 67
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #80 - April 2013 - 68
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