JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 29
Software The process is well adapted to the production of fairly large and relatively structured parts, but its limitations require the use of a derivate process to produce structural parts with high fibre content and low geometrical tolerances for aeronautics and aerospace applications, for example. Heavy RTM was developed over the past 10 years to meet the strong tolerance and fibre-content requirements of highly loaded and complex parts. Heavy RTM is a Light RTM variant that requires high injection pressures (up to 10 bars), heavy steel or invar moulds able to sustain high internal pressures, and rather heavy investments in injection machines. The basic principle consists in injecting the resin into the mould cavity under pressure to impregnate the reinforcement. To meet requirements for quality (reduced porosity) and process (increasing the pressure delta that puts the resin in motion), you can apply high vacuum in the cavity before injection (Fig. 2). The process is then called VARTM (vacuum-assisted RTM). High-technology RTM: process virtualization, optimization and control Closed-mould techniques have been used in aerospace and aeronautics parts manufacturing for about 10 years. These applications require high-tech tools at each stage of the project: material characterization for process simulation, injection simulation and optimization, set-up of manufacturing follow-up and part control. Material characterization Numerical injection simulation is strongly dependent on the input data. In the specific case of injection simulation, the main parameter is permeability. The permeability of a reinforcement (fabric, woven, chopped-strand mat, complex) is its ability to let the resin flow and impregnate the laminate. In the case of thin parts (and in-plane impregnation configurations), for which a 2D simulation is reliable, only the in-plane permeability (Kx and Ky) is required. For thick parts and through-plane impregnation configurations, both in-plane and transverse permeability (Kz) are required. To measure these intrinsic values for 2D, 2.5D or 3D reinforcements, PPE developed and patented specific equipment to determine permeability in space based on Darcy’s law and pressure evolution in space (Fig. 4). Fig. 2: Heavy RTM / VARTM process principle. To help end users in the pre-study stage of their new projects (go, no-go decision), PPE has developed the RTM Process 2 software (Fig. 3). This tool helps users to make basic choices as regards process selection, assessing part filling times (simulation module), evaluating the cost of the part, and implementing mechanical pre-sizing. This user-friendly software is intended for workshop and engineering teams. Fig. 4: PPE permeability bench with pressure evolution during measurement. The following permeability evolution results were obtained: - Easy impregnation, very permeable reinforcement: K~10-8 m² - Complex impregnation, low permeability, high pressure required: K~10-13 m² Process design, virtualization and optimization PPE has been using the PAM-RTM software for several years. The centre’s objective is to use its expertise with this product and the practical experience gained from technological transfers and on-site implementation to develop an offer covering the entire lifecycle of injection- and infusion-moulded composite parts and structures. Fig. 3: RTM Process 2 software: a pre-study tool for composite projects. No50 July-August 2009 / jec composites magazine 29
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009
Cover
Index
Contents
- NEWS WORLDWIDE -
Companies - Innovation: the guiding principe at Hunstman
Companies - More V: operating on a practically boundless market
Companies - IDI Composites buys former Menzolit facilities
Companies - Colan Australia, threads worth their weight in gold!
Companies - DSM Composite Resins and Büfa: they finalize european joint venture agreements
Agenda of events
Equipment - Custom-coated carbide tools for improved adaptability and lower costs
- BUSINESS -
Market Survey - US demand for decking to reach 1.1 billion lineal metrs in 2013
Trends - Wood-plastic composites: markets, applications and performance costs
Human capital - A PhD student rewarded for his environmental concerns
- FEATURE -
Software - On the way to a high-tech process for high-performance applications
Process - The latest innovations to the LRTM molding process
Application - Large truck mid-roof to be manufactured in Brazil
Application - RTM part for Franch high-speed train
Production - An RTM production line with environmental credentials
Innovations - Plascore PP honeycomb infusion grade for Light RTM
Innovations - RTM compression press for manufacturing body panels
Innovations - Institut fuer Verbundwekstoffe GmbH
- USERS' PLATFORM -
Composites in the world - The Aston Martin One-77
Composites in the world - Cavalier pot
Composites in the world - Carbon fish sculptures
Composites in the world - Glass-fibre-reinforced body camera
Successful partners - An innovative reinforced profile for window frames
Application - MFG: boosting the growth of the wind energy market
Application - Blue Hawaiian Fiberglass Pool: leader in Florida
- KNOW-HOW -
Ductile prepregs - Formable aligned-fibre composite materials
Compound - High-modulus carbon fibres in super-structural compounds
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Cover
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 2
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 3
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 4
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Index
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Contents
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 7
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Companies - Innovation: the guiding principe at Hunstman
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Companies - More V: operating on a practically boundless market
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Companies - IDI Composites buys former Menzolit facilities
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Companies - Colan Australia, threads worth their weight in gold!
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 12
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 13
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Companies - DSM Composite Resins and Büfa: they finalize european joint venture agreements
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 15
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Agenda of events
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 17
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Equipment - Custom-coated carbide tools for improved adaptability and lower costs
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 19
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 20
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - - BUSINESS -
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Market Survey - US demand for decking to reach 1.1 billion lineal metrs in 2013
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Trends - Wood-plastic composites: markets, applications and performance costs
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 24
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 25
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Human capital - A PhD student rewarded for his environmental concerns
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Asia Show
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - JCM
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - - FEATURE -
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Software - On the way to a high-tech process for high-performance applications
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 29
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 30
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 31
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Process - The latest innovations to the LRTM molding process
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 33
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 34
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Application - Large truck mid-roof to be manufactured in Brazil
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Application - RTM part for Franch high-speed train
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Production - An RTM production line with environmental credentials
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 38
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 39
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Innovations - Institut fuer Verbundwekstoffe GmbH
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - - USERS' PLATFORM -
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Composites in the world - Cavalier pot
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Composites in the world - Glass-fibre-reinforced body camera
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Successful partners - An innovative reinforced profile for window frames
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 45
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Application - MFG: boosting the growth of the wind energy market
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 47
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 48
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Application - Blue Hawaiian Fiberglass Pool: leader in Florida
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 50
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - - KNOW-HOW -
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Ductile prepregs - Formable aligned-fibre composite materials
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 53
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 54
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - Compound - High-modulus carbon fibres in super-structural compounds
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 56
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 57
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 58
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 59
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #50 - July/August 2009 - 60
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