JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 37
high temperature
- High hot/wet property retention for
higher service temperature applications
- Increased toughness
Environmentally
compatible processing
Preform resin infusion technology is the
main target when trying to avoid prepreg and
autoclave processing. This alone is beneficial
by eliminating the need for pre-impregnation processes, cold storage and wastage of
specially treated materials. The Quickstep
process was chosen to cure the laminate and
the demonstrator. This process is based on
the principle of conduction heating. It utilizes
a heat transfer fluid (HTF) to apply heat and
pressure to the uncured component during
processing. Rapid transfer of heat energy into
the curing substrate (fibre and resin) is the
heart of this technology.
Conventional mould heating, such as that
in an oven or autoclave, causes uneven
temperature distribution over the mould
surface. The use of the fluid-based Quickstep
process solves this problem, while achieving
fast ramp-up rates. Uneven temperature
distribution over the laminate also affects
resin shrinkage and may cause changes in
polymer morphology. The Henkel benzoxazine resins have lower heat of cure compared
to conventional resins and therefore can be
heated rapidly without risk of uncontrolled
exotherm. A heated fluid and slightly pressurized Quickstep process (up to 0.8 bar)
accurately achieves the required mould temperature all over the surface with faster ramp
rates and effective utilization of energy. This
helps to modify the cure cycle and dwell time
without affecting the physical and chemical
nature of a polymeric resin. By combining
the cure kinetics of the selected resin, OoA
curing and online temperature monitoring
during the process, the dwell times to complete the laminate curing can be shortened
to a great extent. Ultimately, this also causes
lower energy consumption during the
manufacturing processes. Additionally, fewer
moulds are required for serial production,
as well as reduced machine work hours and
maintenance, etc., resulting in lower costs.
Production of a prototype
demonstrator
In order to demonstrate the capability of the
resin and infusion/curing techniques on a
scale larger than flat laminates, a demonstrator panel (approximately 1 m²) was
produced and infused. This panel consisted
of 5 layers of 370 gsm 5HS carbon fabric for
the skin plies, resulting in a skin thickness of
2 mm, onto which a series of four hat-shaped,
or omega-type stiffeners were placed using
removable mandrels. The assembly was
bagged and placed into the Quickstep curing
chamber for infusion and cure.
Fibre volume and laminate
quality measurements
After moulding and post-cure, the panels
were tested by Henkel. Thickness measurements were in the expected range for woven
fabric panels produced using the VARTM
process. The hat-stiffened demonstrator
panel was inspected for thickness and any
evidence of dry spots. Visual inspection indicated no evidence of dry areas throughout
the panel. Microscopy analysis of trimmed
edges confirmed no visual internal voids in
the panel or stiffeners.
Promising results
The processing of the Loctite BZ 9130
AERO resin proved to be "infusion-friendly" in the Quickstep process, and void-free
panels were produced with fibre volumes in
the 55-57% range, which is considered high
for a woven fabric laminate. A mechanical
evaluation of the panels confirmed values
similar to or higher than those achieved using
standard oven-based VARTM processing.
The Quickstep process provided faster heating and cooling of the laminate and uniform
temperature during the infusion process. The
results demonstrated the synergistic benefits
of the Henkel benzoxazine infusion resin and
the Quickstep process technology. n
More information:
www.henkel-adhesives.com/aerospace
-
www.jeccomposites.com
Carbon fibres: history, players and forecast to 2020
history, players and forecast to 2020
Since knowing where you are going requires - Data on main markets for a deep
knowing where you're coming from, this
understanding
study starts by reviewing the history of
- Carbon fibre manufacturing explanation
Carbon fibres:
carbon fibre development before going
with equipment manufacturers
history, players
on to describe the established carbon fibre
- Listing of nearly all commercially available
and forecast to
manufacturers, assess supply and demand in
fibers
2020,
the sector from 2013 to 2020, and give a brief - Global demand forecast until 2020
by Franck
overview of new developments.
- New development trends
Glowacz,
- Demand on carbon fibres by sector:
JEC Group, 138p. The study includes:
Aerospace, Sport & Leisure, Wind
330.75€VAT excl. - Extensive description of the major players
Energy, Automotive...
No96 April 2015 / jec
Feature Aeronautics
Carbon fibres:
composites magazine 37
http://www.henkel-adhesives.com/aerospace/aerospace.htm
http://www.jeccomposites.com/product/carbon-fibres-history-players-and-forecast-2020?type=70&type_old=71
http://www.jeccomposites.com
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015
Cover
Edito
Point of view : composites integration
Contents
COMPANY & BUSINESS
China
In brief
JEC Americas
Agenda of Events
APPLICATIONS
Catamaran
RIB
Trimaran
MARKET
Carbon fibre
FEATURE AERONAUTICS
Simulation
Cost-effectiveness
Low cost manufacturing
Thin-ply
High temperature
LFT
Thermoplastics
Laser projection
Release agent
Manufacturing
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Health Monitoring
Health monitoring techique for large composite structures
TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATIONS
IOT
Braiding
Resin
Vacuum infusion
Machining center
PBT
Index
In the world
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Cover
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 2
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Edito
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Point of view : composites integration
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 5
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Contents
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 7
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - China
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - In brief
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - JEC Americas
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 11
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 12
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 13
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Agenda of Events
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 15
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Catamaran
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 17
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - RIB
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Trimaran
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 20
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Carbon fibre
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 22
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 23
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 24
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 25
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Simulation
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 27
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Cost-effectiveness
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 29
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Low cost manufacturing
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 31
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 32
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Thin-ply
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 34
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 35
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - High temperature
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 37
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - LFT
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 39
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 40
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Thermoplastics
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 42
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 43
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 44
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Laser projection
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 46
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Release agent
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Manufacturing
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 49
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 50
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 51
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Health Monitoring
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 53
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 54
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 55
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Health monitoring techique for large composite structures
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 57
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 58
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 59
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - IOT
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 61
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Braiding
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 63
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 64
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Resin
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 66
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Vacuum infusion
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 68
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Machining center
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 70
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 71
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - PBT
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Index
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - In the world
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 75
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 76
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