JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 53

Reinforcement

Tailored cylindrical warp-knitted fabric
for insulation and reinforcement 

TECHNOLOGY

Biocomposites

Polypropylene/cotton stalk biocomposites
with enhanced characteristics

53
56

biocomposites TECHNOLOGY

Polypropylene/cotton stalk biocomposites
with enhanced characteristics
Dr. Abhishek sAchAn, Post Doc,
IRDL-UBS Lorient France
Pr. VeenA chouDhAry, Professor, CPSE
IIT Delhi
k.k. VimAl, research manager,
Dr. G.s. kAPur, general manager,
R&D Centre,
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd

l

Cotton stalk is a bio-waste of cotton cultivation that contains nearly 45% cellulose
and can be used as a reinforcement for thermoplastics. The influence of cotton
stalk concentration, chemical treatments and the presence of a compatibilizer
on the mechanical, rheological, and morphological properties of the resulting
composite materials is investigated in this paper.

n recent years, it has become common practice to incorporate natural fibres into polymer matrices as environmentally-friendly reinforcing agents [1, 3] . Using natural fibres
this way presents many other benefits over conventional synthetic-fibre-based composites. For example, natural fibres
cause fewer health risks during handling and manufacturing
[4] and natural composites require less energy for production
(and thus cause less pollution to the environment) [5] . To
successfully use natural fibres as reinforcements in polymer
matrices, it is vitally important to produce fibres with reproducible physical properties. It can be extremely challenging,
however, to obtain high-quality natural fibres (and thus effectively replace traditional reinforcement materials) because
the precise nature of the fibre varies from plant to plant and
depends on the cultivation conditions [6-8] . It was shown in
the literature that the substantial amount of bio-waste produced every year in agriculture has a very high lignocellulosic content [9, 10] and thus has the potential to be used in
polymeric composite materials [11] . For example, cotton stalk
(CS) is the residue that remains after the extraction of cotton
fibres. Although there is nearly five times as much CS as cotton fibres, there has been no major use for this material except as a fuel for cooking in villages. CS, like other natural fi-

bres, contains about 45% cellulose along with small amounts
of waxes, pectin and water-soluble compounds [12] . It tends
to degrade at a temperature above 220°C [13] , which makes
it a good reinforcement for thermoplastics such as polypropylene (PP) and can further enhance its low-density and mechanical properties [14-16] . Even though CS is hydrophobic,
which makes its adhesion with thermoplastics very difficult,
it has been shown that its hydrophobic nature can be reduced
via chemical treatments that improve its adhesion with a PP

Fig. 1: Full process chain for the preparation of cotton stalk/polypropylene (CS/PP)
biocomposites (top); scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of CS and the
resulting composite (bottom)

No118 January - February 2018

/ jec composites magazine

53



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018

Cover
Edito
Opinion: Racing for innovation
Contents
NEWS
In brief
China - A world leader in advanced materials
Sustainability - Inauguration of the composites and recycling platform
Agenda
BUSINESS
Digitalization - Smart Factory: The Factory of the future
Report - The European GRP market in 2017
Biocomposites - Natural fibre-reinforced plastics: establishment and growth in niche markets
MANUFACTURING
Technology platform - ComposiTIC: a high-tech regional structure open to small and medium-sized businesses
CFP process - Zero-waste carbon composite material production
Feature Sports & Leisure - Composites boost performance !
RTM - Lighter stronger … faster: automating RTM pump press systems
3D printing - Additive manufacturing applications in sporting goods production
Additive manufacturing - The first 3D-printed golf driver head
Structal parts - Carbon swingarm for the Ducati 1299 Superleggera
Fast boat - FB Design beats world records with high-speed racing bo
Diver propulsion vehicules - The perfect carbon diving scooter for every purpose
Windfoil board - An innovative carbon-crimp fabric (NCF) for sports applications
Foils - SEAir, the future belongs to flying boats
Surfboard - The history and future of surfboard design
Prepreg - Multiaxial reinforcements for enchanced ski design and manufacture
SOLUTIONS
Building - New Ferrari Land FRP cladding meets Euroclass fire specification
Pavilion - With FocusOn, Italian architect takes sustainability to a new level
e-mobility - The first SeaBubbles prototype flies on the Seine in Paris
Aeronautics - Software helps optimize the structure of world’s largest all-composite aircraft
TECHNOLOGY
Biocomposites - Polypropylene/cotton stalk biocomposites with enhanced characteristics
Reinforcement - Tailored cylindrical warp-knitted fabric for insulation and reinforcement
Index
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JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 60
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Cover
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 2
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Edito
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Opinion: Racing for innovation
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 5
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Contents
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 7
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - In brief
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 9
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - China - A world leader in advanced materials
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 11
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Sustainability - Inauguration of the composites and recycling platform
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 13
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 14
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Agenda
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 16
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Digitalization - Smart Factory: The Factory of the future
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 18
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 19
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Report - The European GRP market in 2017
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 21
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 22
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Biocomposites - Natural fibre-reinforced plastics: establishment and growth in niche markets
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 24
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Technology platform - ComposiTIC: a high-tech regional structure open to small and medium-sized businesses
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 26
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 27
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - CFP process - Zero-waste carbon composite material production
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 29
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - RTM - Lighter stronger … faster: automating RTM pump press systems
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 31
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 3D printing - Additive manufacturing applications in sporting goods production
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 33
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Additive manufacturing - The first 3D-printed golf driver head
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Structal parts - Carbon swingarm for the Ducati 1299 Superleggera
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 36
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Fast boat - FB Design beats world records with high-speed racing bo
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Diver propulsion vehicules - The perfect carbon diving scooter for every purpose
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 39
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Windfoil board - An innovative carbon-crimp fabric (NCF) for sports applications
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 41
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Foils - SEAir, the future belongs to flying boats
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 43
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Surfboard - The history and future of surfboard design
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 45
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Prepreg - Multiaxial reinforcements for enchanced ski design and manufacture
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Building - New Ferrari Land FRP cladding meets Euroclass fire specification
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 48
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 49
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Pavilion - With FocusOn, Italian architect takes sustainability to a new level
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - e-mobility - The first SeaBubbles prototype flies on the Seine in Paris
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Aeronautics - Software helps optimize the structure of world’s largest all-composite aircraft
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Biocomposites - Polypropylene/cotton stalk biocomposites with enhanced characteristics
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 54
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 55
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Reinforcement - Tailored cylindrical warp-knitted fabric for insulation and reinforcement
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 57
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - Advertisers
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #118 - January/February 2018 - 59
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