JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 49

Tab.1: Results of MW curing for different resins and gelcoats with susceptors a,
b and c

Tab. 2: Tensile strength results for POLRES 305BV and CRYSTIC VE 676-03 with
the best susceptors

Test piece

Maximum
resistance (σ)

Deformation (є)

Polyester resin

9.77 (± 2.34)

0.26 (± 0.11)

70

Polyester resin + susceptor c

17.1 (± 2.04)

0.26 (± 0.095)

122.4

80

Vinyl ester resin

13.3 (± 3.00)

0.21 (± 0.13)

10.6

87.2

80

Vinyl ester + susceptor a

11.4 (± 1.82)

0.19 (± 0.072)

Polyester resin + susceptor c

6.0

125.1

60

Vinyl ester

20.5

112.6

85

Vinyl ester + susceptor a

11

70.4

70

Vinyl ester + susceptor b

11.9

95.2

80

Vinyl ester + susceptor c

13.0

72.4

85

Polyester gelcoat

18.9

86.5

80

Polyester gelcoat + susceptor a

8.7

94.0

81

Polyester gelcoat + susceptor b

10.2

86.7

70

Polyester gelcoat + susceptor c

13.4

78.0

70

Epoxy gelcoat

13.3

73.0

80

Epoxy gelcoat + susceptor a

6.3

81.5

80

Epoxy gelcoat + susceptor b

4.7

83.8

80

Epoxy gelcoat + susceptor c

3.8

83.1

80

Time to
exothermic
peak (min)

Exothermic
peak (°C)

Polyester resin

12.3

100.5

Polyester resin + susceptor a

7.6

Polyester resin + susceptor b

Shore D

constant MW power was recorded for each system (resin and
gelcoat with susceptors). An example of the resulting graph
can be seen in figure 5.
The graphs were compared in order to choose the most suitable susceptors in terms of interaction with the microwave
radiation. 24 hours after the MW curing, Shore D hardness
was measured for each sample in order to determine the influence of the susceptors on the mechanical properties of the
resin/gelcoat.
Table 1 shows the time necessary for each system to reach the
exothermic peak, the temperature of the exothermic peak and
the Shore D value of the samples. The addition of susceptors
reduces the time needed for the resin to achieve the exothermic peak by 46-71%, which is a very good result.

Apart from Shore D, tensile strength was also measured with
the best susceptor for each resin (figure 6). The results are
shown in table 2. For the polyester resin, it can be seen that
susceptor c does not influence the tensile strength properties as the maximum resistance is 7.33 units higher with the
susceptor. For the vinylester resin, the results are a bit worse
as the maximum resistance with the susceptor is 1.9 units less
than for the pure resin, but the standard deviation is 3 units.
Then, it can be concluded that the susceptors do not influence
the mechanical properties of the resins (tensile strength and
shore D hardness).

Conclusions
The addition of susceptors reduces polymerization time during microwave curing of resins and gelcoats. The best susceptors, with the right conditions, make it possible to reduce the
polymerization time of resins and gelcoats by 46-71%. The
addition of susceptors to improve MW absorption and reduce
polymerization time does not influence the mechanical properties of the resins. n
References
[1] A. C. Metaxas, R. J. Meredith. 1983. Industrial Microwave
Heating. Institute of Electrical Engineers. London: Peter
Peregrinus, Ltd.
[2] Dr. F. Parodi. Smart catalysts for microwave-enhanced
polymerization processes. http://www.fpchem.com/
fap_6a3-en.html
[3] P. Alazard, M. Palumbo, A. Gourdenne. Curing under
continuous microwaves (2450 MHz) of thermosetting epoxy
prepolymers: final statement. Macromol.
Symp. 2003, 199, 59-72.
[4] I. Gómez, J. Aguilar. Estudio del comportamiento de
materiales cerámicos expuestos a un campo de microondas.
Ciencia UANL 2005, Vol. VIII, n° 2, abril-junio.
[5] J. Slama, A. Gruskova, R. Vicen, S. Vicenova, R. Dosoudil,
J. Franek. Composite material with substituted Li ferrite for
high-frequency applications. Journal of magnetism and
magnetic materials 2003, Vol. 254, 642-645.

More information:
www.aimplas.es

Fig. 6: MW antenna curing of tensile test pieces with a robot

No104 April - May 2016 /

jec composites magazine 49


http://www.fpchem.com/ http://www.aimplas.es

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016

Cover
Edito
Point of view: Thailand smiles at composites
Contents
COMPANY & BUSINESS
Agenda of Events
APPLICATIONS
Cycle
Multisectorial
Music
MARKET
Trend
Carbon
SPECIAL JEC AMERICAS 2016
Conferences
Awards
Oil & Gas
Redevelopment
Laboratory
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Self healing
Fibre placement
Microwave
TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATIONS
LFT
Intermediate products
Multimaterial
Manufacturing
Process
Index
In the world
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Cover
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 2
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Edito
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Point of view: Thailand smiles at composites
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 5
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Contents
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 7
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - COMPANY & BUSINESS
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 9
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Agenda of Events
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Ad1
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Ad2
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 11
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Cycle
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 13
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Multisectorial
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 15
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Music
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 17
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Trend
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 19
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 20
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 21
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Carbon
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 23
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 24
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 25
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Conferences
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 27
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 28
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Awards
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 30
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 31
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 32
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 33
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Oil & Gas
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 35
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Redevelopment
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 37
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Laboratory
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 39
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 40
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Self healing
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 42
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 43
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Fibre placement
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 45
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 46
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Microwave
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 48
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 49
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 50
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - LFT
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 52
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Intermediate products
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 54
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Multimaterial
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 56
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 57
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 58
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Manufacturing
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 60
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Process
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 62
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 63
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 64
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - Index
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - In the world
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 67
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #104 - April/May 2016 - 68
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2211_148
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2209_147
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2206_146
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2204_145
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2201_144
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm211_143
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2109_142
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2107_141
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2105_140
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2103_139
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm-experts-digest-additive-manufacturing-2020
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2101_138
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2011_Special_Issue4
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2011_137
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2009_136
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2007_135
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm_2020_Q1_Innovation_Report
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2005_Special_Issue3
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2005_134
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2003_133
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2001_132
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1911_Special_Issue2
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1911_131
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1909_130
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1907_129
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1905_128
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1903_Special_Issue1
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1903_127
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1901_126
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1811_125
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1810_124
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1808_123
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1807_122
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1805_121
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1804_120
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1803_119
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1802_119-Supplement_Innovation_Report
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1801_118
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1711_117
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1710_116
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1708_115
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1707_114
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1706_113
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1704_112
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1703_111
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1701_110
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1611_109
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1610_108
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1608_107
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1607_106
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1605_105
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1604_104
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1603_103
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1601_102
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1511_101
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1510_100
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1509_99
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1507_98
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1505_97
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1504_96
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1503_95
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1501_94
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1412_93
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1410_92
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1409_91
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1406_90
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1405_89
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1404_88
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1403_87
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1401_86
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1311_85
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1310_84
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1308_83
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1307_82
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1305_81
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1304_80
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1303_79
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1301_78
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1212_77
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1210_76
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1208_75
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1207_74
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1206_73
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1204_72
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1203_71
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1201_70
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1111_69
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1110_68
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1108_67
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1107_66
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1105_65
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1104_64
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1103_63
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1101_62
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1011_61
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1010_60
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1009_59
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1006_58
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1005_57
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1004_56
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1003_55
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1001_54
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0911_53
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0910_52
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0909_51
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0907-08_50
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0906_49
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0904_48
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0903_47
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0901_46
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0811_45
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0810_44
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0809_43
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0807_42
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0806_41
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0805_40
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0803_39
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0801_38
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0712_37
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0710_36
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0709_35
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0707_34
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0706_33
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com