JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 56

health monitoring

Health monitoring technique for
large composite structures
The present work focuses on a structural
health monitoring (SHM) technique to detect,
locate and quantify damages that occur in large
structures made of polymer-matrix composite
materials while the structures are subjected
to loading (Figure 1). In this technique, carbon
nanotubes (CNT) are added to the polymer. Long
fibres are then incorporated with the modified polymer to create an intelligent composite structure. The incorporation of nanotubes
makes the polymer electrically conductive.
The large structure is marked with grid points
where electrically-conductive materials (such as
silver for example) are deposited. The electrical
properties between the grid points are measured; these values are used as a reference set.
Upon the application of a sufficiently high load,
damage may occur at one or several locations
in the large structure. lt is demonstrated that
the occurrence of damage changes the electrical properties between the contact points surrounding the damage. The sharp change in the
electrical properties between contact points is
used as an indication for the detection, location
and quantification of damage in large composite
structures.

P

olymer-matrix composites are increasingly used in many
important engineering structures such as aircraft due to their
light weight, high strength, high stiffness and good fatigue
resistance. However, along with their advantages, they present many
issues. One of them is the ability to detect failure in composite structures, particularly for in-situ processes (i.e. detection and location of
damage during service). Many non-destructive evaluation (NDE)
techniques have been proposed to address this problem [1]. However,
their usefulness is limited due to their poor spatial resolution and
low in-situ capabilities. Next-generation aerospace structures require
incorporating multiple functionalities into the structures. This can be
achieved by coupling composite technology with nanotechnology.

A new solution based on CNTs
Among different types of nanoparticles, CNTs have been used as a
multifunctional additive because of their small size and exceptional
physical properties [2]. Incorporating CNTs at low concentration
into an epoxy resin as nanoscale conductors will create electrically conductive networks distributed around the structural fibres,
which also act as in-situ piezoresistive sensors. Upon application
of a mechanical load, the CNT network formed inside the epoxy
is deformed and, if the load is high enough to create cracks in the
matrix, the configuration of the CNT network is affected and
induces a change in the electrical properties. This approach is used
to overcome sensing challenges in NDE and, potentially, SHM
(Figure 1). Recently, many researchers added CNTs to epoxy-based
composites for detecting damage in small coupon samples [2, 3].
Real engineering structures are large and much bigger than the lab
size samples presented in most works. Scaling up the technique from

By
Dr. Ali Naghashpour
Postdoctoral Fellow
Dr. Suong Van Hoa
Professor
Concordia University

56 jec composites magazine / No96 April 2015

Fig. 1: Schematic illustration of the SHM technique developed



JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015

Cover
Edito
Point of view : composites integration
Contents
COMPANY & BUSINESS
China
In brief
JEC Americas
Agenda of Events
APPLICATIONS
Catamaran
RIB
Trimaran
MARKET
Carbon fibre
FEATURE AERONAUTICS
Simulation
Cost-effectiveness
Low cost manufacturing
Thin-ply
High temperature
LFT
Thermoplastics
Laser projection
Release agent
Manufacturing
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Health Monitoring
Health monitoring techique for large composite structures
TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATIONS
IOT
Braiding
Resin
Vacuum infusion
Machining center
PBT
Index
In the world
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Cover
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 2
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Edito
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Point of view : composites integration
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 5
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Contents
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 7
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - China
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - In brief
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - JEC Americas
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 11
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 12
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 13
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Agenda of Events
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 15
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Catamaran
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 17
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - RIB
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Trimaran
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 20
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Carbon fibre
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 22
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 23
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 24
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 25
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Simulation
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 27
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Cost-effectiveness
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 29
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Low cost manufacturing
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 31
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 32
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Thin-ply
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 34
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 35
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - High temperature
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 37
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - LFT
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 39
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 40
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Thermoplastics
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 42
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 43
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 44
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Laser projection
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 46
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Release agent
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Manufacturing
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 49
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 50
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 51
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Health Monitoring
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 53
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 54
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 55
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Health monitoring techique for large composite structures
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 57
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 58
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 59
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - IOT
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 61
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Braiding
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 63
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 64
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Resin
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 66
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Vacuum infusion
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 68
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Machining center
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 70
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 71
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - PBT
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - Index
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - In the world
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 75
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #96 - April 2015 - 76
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