JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 20

trends
economy – a performance commended by ADAC for a mid-class vehicle. The Passat’s CO2 emissions were 136 g/km. However, taking into consideration the still relatively low number of natural gas fuelling stations in Germany (approx. 870), ADAC commented that infrastructure and individual driver habits played a big role when choosing the most suitable technology. Filled with natural gas, the Passat travels about 400 km; a petrol tank increases that range to about 800 km. German Chancellor Angela Merkel recently inaugurated a CNG filling station in Masdar City, while leading a delegation to boost trade across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states. Masdar City aims to become the world’s first entirely carbon-neutral, zero-waste city. Merkel lauded the great role played by Masdar in creating practical and scientific solutions to reduce dependence on traditional energy through the use of alternative and renewable energies. The station was built using equipment from German manufacturer Bauer. greenhouse gas emissions. Light-duty NGVs also provide an exciting future. Honda is now making the Civic GXs in a new Indiana factory, and it appears this facility will allow them to ramp up production. Mercedes Benz took the opportunity in last year’s Detroit auto show to display their B-Class bi-fuel NGV. And next year, a company called VPG will be launching the purpose-built natural gas MV1 taxi. What kind of growth can be expected for the NGV market? It is estimated that the amount of natural gas used for NGVs in the US grew by about 30% in 2007 – to about 31 billion cubic feet (877.8 million cubic m) or about 250 million petrol gallon equivalents. Last year, volumes were estimated to grow by another 25% to 37 billion cubic feet (1.05 billion cubic m) or 300 million petrol gallon equivalents. The author believes there will be another 25% growth this year. Over the next 15 years, if the market grew by only 10% per year, it would be at one and a quarter trillion cubic feet (35.4 billion cubic m) or 10 billion petrol gallon equivalents, i.e. 33 times the amount of gas used last year. This translates into significant growth for every segment of the industry. the market because this is what the rest of the world demands. However, these are not just petrol vehicles that can also run on natural gas. They are designed from the ground up to be NGVs that can also run on petrol. Fiat’s policy is that every new model they introduce in Italy will also be available as a natural gas model. Last year, Fiat sold over 100,000 NGVs in Italy alone, and they expect to sell many more this year. As of 2009, more than 1,500 CNG stations and 15 LNG stations have been built to serve the NGV market. There should be 3,000 natural gas stations in China by 2015. engine power covering 64kW to 250 kW. The number of composite-cylinder manufacturers is also on the rise this year. This is good sign for the composite market in Asia. Chinese cities are providing different incentives to promote the use of natural gas vehicles. For example, road maintenance fees are reduced to 70% for NGV users in Chongqing, a metropolis administrated directly by the Central government. In some cities, grants are given to buses and taxis for NGV conversions, and the age limit of non-business vehicles is cancelled after they are converted. Some local authorities may provide favourable policies for land that will be used to build NGV gas stations. To support the operation of gas refuelling stations, others offer income tax deductions and administrative fee reductions. Outlooks on NGV development in China look favourable in terms of supply and demand. A 15% growth rate was recorded from 2001 to 2005. The same growth rate is expected for the 2006-2010 period. According to China’s energy strategy: - the percentage of natural gas consumption in the primary energy mix should rise from 2.8% in 2005 to 5.5% in 2010, - the percentage of natural gas supply in the primary energy mix should rise from 3.2% in 2005 to 5.0% in 2010. It is projected that the domestic natural gas supply will reach 100 billion cubic metres in 2020, for a demand of 200 billion cubic metres. This means natural gas will have to be imported from Southeast Asia or other regions through foreign pipelines.

Chinese market

China has expanded its natural gas resources by supplying gas through a network of three major pipelines that are designed to provide a capacity of 62 billion cubic metres a year. The first line originates from

jec composites magazine / No62 January - February 2011

American market

In the light-duty sedan market, where the Honda Civic is the only NGV offered right now, there are aftermarket conversions available for the Ford Focus, the Ford Fusion and Crown Victoria and their Mercury equivalents, the Chevy Impala, and a long list of Ford and Chevy vans, pickup trucks, and SUVs. The NGV market focuses on bigger vehicles, and rightly so, since they use so much fuel. This is where the most significant impact can be made within the vehicle market concerning oil displacement and

Italian market

Italy is the best example of cooperation between an OEM and a component supplier. With more than 500,000 systems sold to vehicle/engine manufacturers and a yearly production capacity up to 200,000 units, the company is 100% OEM-market oriented. Fiat makes more NGVs than any other OEM in the world. Bifuel vehicles represent most of

Xinnjiang area, the second from Middle Asia, and the third from Sichuan. They all provide gas to eastern China. Liquid natural gas (LNG) terminals increased to include a total of 19 areas, with LNG receiving capacity at 91.5 million metric tons per year. As of 2009, more than 1,500 CNG stations and 15 LNG stations have been built to serve the NGV market. There should be 3,000 natural gas stations in China by 2015. In China, over 60 NGV manufacturers offer a variety of NGV products. Eighteen NGV engine manufacturers sell 98 different types of engines with

”

20

”



JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011

Cover
Edito
Points of view : solutions for every aircrafts
Contents
Agenda of Events
COMPANY & BUSINESS
In Brief
Carbon prepreg - Guangwei Composites, from a finished product to a semi-finished product
Incubation - Composites Technology Park: nurturing green composites
MRO - Mincham Aviation, a specialist with the ambition to match
APPLICATIONS
Automative - From Imagination to reality
Offshore - New carbon fibre compositecomponent for deep-sea use
Leisure - Tenchnology ready for gaming
MARKET
Trends - The natural gas vehicle market
Human capital - R&D manager : inside innovation
Market - An historical overview of the Para-aramid fibres for composites
FEATURE AUTOMATION
Filament winding - Automated filament-winding process for pole production
Robot - Multiple-use robots for composites part manufacturing
WPC - Compact, flexible extruder for new-comers to wood-plastic composites
Robotic - Robotic unit for the automated production of composite components
Injection - Thermoforming and injection moulding in a single mould
Testing - Robotics and non-destructive testing
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
RTM - Highly integrated structure manufactured in on-shot with pre-preg UD tape
CNT - Multiscale hybrid carbon reinforcement for polymeric-matrix composites
Nano-composites - New thermoresistant nano-filled glue for composites
TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATIONS
Reinforcement - Fibre composites, those magical materials
Telecom - New polyster prepreg for composites radomeand antenna applications
Automotive - A new ultra-lightweight sandwich structure for the cars of tomorrow
Innovations
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Cover
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 2
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Edito
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Points of view : solutions for every aircrafts
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 5
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Contents
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 7
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Agenda of Events
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - In Brief
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Carbon prepreg - Guangwei Composites, from a finished product to a semi-finished product
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 11
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 12
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Incubation - Composites Technology Park: nurturing green composites
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - MRO - Mincham Aviation, a specialist with the ambition to match
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Automative - From Imagination to reality
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 16
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Offshore - New carbon fibre compositecomponent for deep-sea use
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Leisure - Tenchnology ready for gaming
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Trends - The natural gas vehicle market
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 20
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 21
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 22
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Human capital - R&D manager : inside innovation
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Market - An historical overview of the Para-aramid fibres for composites
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 25
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Pub
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Filament winding - Automated filament-winding process for pole production
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 27
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Robot - Multiple-use robots for composites part manufacturing
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 29
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 30
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 31
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - WPC - Compact, flexible extruder for new-comers to wood-plastic composites
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Robotic - Robotic unit for the automated production of composite components
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 34
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Injection - Thermoforming and injection moulding in a single mould
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Testing - Robotics and non-destructive testing
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 37
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 38
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 39
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - RTM - Highly integrated structure manufactured in on-shot with pre-preg UD tape
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 41
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 42
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - CNT - Multiscale hybrid carbon reinforcement for polymeric-matrix composites
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 44
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 45
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Nano-composites - New thermoresistant nano-filled glue for composites
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 47
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Reinforcement - Fibre composites, those magical materials
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 49
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Telecom - New polyster prepreg for composites radomeand antenna applications
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 51
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 52
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 53
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Automotive - A new ultra-lightweight sandwich structure for the cars of tomorrow
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 55
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - Innovations
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 57
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 58
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 59
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #62 - January/February 2011 - 60
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2211_148
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2209_147
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2206_146
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2204_145
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2201_144
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm211_143
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2109_142
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2107_141
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2105_140
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2103_139
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm-experts-digest-additive-manufacturing-2020
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2101_138
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2011_Special_Issue4
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2011_137
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2009_136
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2007_135
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm_2020_Q1_Innovation_Report
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2005_Special_Issue3
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2005_134
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2003_133
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm2001_132
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1911_Special_Issue2
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1911_131
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1909_130
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1907_129
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1905_128
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1903_Special_Issue1
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1903_127
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1901_126
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1811_125
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1810_124
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1808_123
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1807_122
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1805_121
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1804_120
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1803_119
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1802_119-Supplement_Innovation_Report
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1801_118
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1711_117
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1710_116
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1708_115
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1707_114
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1706_113
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1704_112
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1703_111
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1701_110
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1611_109
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1610_108
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1608_107
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1607_106
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1605_105
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1604_104
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1603_103
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1601_102
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1511_101
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1510_100
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1509_99
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1507_98
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1505_97
https://www.nxtbook.fr/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1504_96
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1503_95
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1501_94
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1412_93
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1410_92
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1409_91
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1406_90
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1405_89
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1404_88
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1403_87
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1401_86
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1311_85
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1310_84
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1308_83
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1307_82
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1305_81
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1304_80
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1303_79
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1301_78
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1212_77
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1210_76
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1208_75
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1207_74
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1206_73
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1204_72
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1203_71
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1201_70
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1111_69
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1110_68
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1108_67
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1107_66
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1105_65
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1104_64
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1103_63
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1101_62
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1011_61
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1010_60
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1009_59
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1006_58
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1005_57
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1004_56
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1003_55
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm1001_54
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0911_53
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0910_52
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0909_51
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0907-08_50
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0906_49
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0904_48
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0903_47
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0901_46
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0811_45
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0810_44
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0809_43
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0807_42
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0806_41
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0805_40
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0803_39
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0801_38
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0712_37
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0710_36
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0709_35
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0707_34
https://www.nxtbook.com/newpress/jeccomposites/jcm0706_33
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com