JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 24

BUSINESS Niche Market Past, present and future of continuous basalt fibre First developed in Ukraine in the 1960s, continuous basalt fibre (CBF) and its production technology have evolved considerably over the past decades. This article reviews the history and modern developments of CBF production technologies and equipment before answering some questions on the economics of CBF production. DR SERGEY OSNOS, BASALT FIBRE & COMPOSITE MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT COMPANY ibre manufacturers, composite material manufacturers and consumers are interested in continuous basalt fibre (CBF) for a number of reasons. First of all, CBF has several advantages over glass fibre, including its strength, chemical stability and heat resistance. Basalt – the raw material used to produce CBF – is also widely available at low cost. Over the past years, the development of CBF production technology and equipment has resulted in production costs as low as those of E-glass fibre. melt through a platinum alloy stream bushing assembly, extracting the initial fibres, lubricating and winding on bobbins. All these steps are quite simple, with the aim being to ensure high-quality CBF production stability and low , production costs. However, CBF production technologies also involve a number of difficulties. The various types of basalt rock used as raw material have differing characteristics and chemical structures. The melting and basalt melt forming stages require high temperatures, and basalt melts are not transparent to thermal radiation. The specific equipment and bushing assemblies used for CBF production are determined by technological features. While CBF production technologies seem to be simple, they are quite complex in practice and require a great deal of knowhow. To secure the industrial production of high-quality CBF the whole range of , technological features are to be considered in their complexity and special equipment needs to be designed. By 1985, the first industrial installation for CBF production was designed and commissioned in a factory near Kiev. Within several years, additional factories with annual outputs of 350 and 500 metric tons were built. They featured basalt melting furnaces equipped with two feed systems and platinum alloy bushings. The feed systems made it possible to produce high-quality fibres and were a significant step forward in the development of basalt technologies. But this equipment also had shortcomings, such as high energy consumption per unit produced, heavy bushings and rather low productivity. CBF annual production is 3,000-5,000 metric tons Born in the 1960s The first CBF samples were received in 1959-61 by the Ukraine scientific research institute in the former Soviet Union. The first continuous basalt fibres of satisfactory quality were produced with laboratory equipment in 1963. A great deal of work followed to develop CBF production technologies and equipment, to study fibre characteristics, to develop CBF material samples and to study their potential fields of application. only. Industrial development In 1997, a new generation of CBF production technology and equipment based on a modular approach was designed in order to decrease energy consumption, lower equipment costs and make the bushings lighter. In August 1999, a delegation from a Japanese company manufacturing materials for the motor industry visited the Kiev factory. The first CBF samples were received in 1959-61. Production technology CBF production technology involves the following steps: melting basalt rock into basalt melt, homogenizing and preparing basalt melt for production, forming basalt JEC Composites Magazine / No35 September 2007

JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007

Edito
CONTENTS
NEWS WORLDWIDE
- Companies
- Agenda of events
- 2008 JEC Singapore
BUSINESS
- Market survey
- Niche markets
- Trends
- Human capital
FEATURE - MARINE
- Market
- Raw Materials
- Process
- Application
USERS’ PLATFORM
- Composites in the world
- Successful partners
- Applications
KNOW-HOW
- Warp knitting technology
- Testing
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 1
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JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - Edito
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JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 5
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - CONTENTS
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 7
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Companies
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 9
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Agenda of events
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 11
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - 2008 JEC Singapore
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 13
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 14
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 15
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Market survey
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 17
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 18
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JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 23
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Niche markets
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 25
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Trends
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 27
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 28
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 29
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Human capital
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 31
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Market
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 33
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Raw Materials
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 35
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 36
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 37
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 38
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 39
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Process
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 41
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JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 47
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Application
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 49
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Composites in the world
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Successful partners
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 52
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 53
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 54
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 55
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 56
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 57
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Warp knitting technology
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 59
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 60
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 61
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 62
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - - Testing
JEC COMPOSITES MAGAZINE - Issue #35 - September 2007 - 64
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